Understanding CuSO4.5H2O: Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate and Its Characteristics

Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) is a widely recognized compound in chemistry due to its numerous applications and properties. This article delves into the equivalent form of CuSO4.5H2O, its molecular composition, physical properties, and how it is used in various fields.

Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate vs. Anhydrous Form

The compound CuSO4.5H2O, known as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, consists of a formula unit of copper(II) sulfate associated with five water molecules. The equivalent of this compound in anhydrous form is simply CuSO4, copper(II) sulfate. Each molecule of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate can dissociate to form one molecule of copper(II) sulfate and five water molecules.

Equivalent Weight Calculation

The equivalent weight of a substance is defined as the molecular weight divided by the valence or the number of replaceable atoms in the molecule. For CuSO4.5H2O, the equivalent weight is half of its molecular weight. If the molecular weight of CuSO4.5H2O is 249.7 g/mol, the equivalent weight would be 124.9 g/equivalent (Molecular Weight / 2 249.7 g/mol / 2 124.9 g/equivalent). This calculation is crucial in determining the substance's concentration and its titration in chemical reactions.

Description of Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate

Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate is an odorless, blue crystal that dissolves very easily in water. Its solubility in water varies depending on the conditions, but it is also soluble in methanol and glycerol and slightly soluble in ethanol. This property makes it a versatile compound in various industrial and laboratory applications.

Common Synonyms and Information

The term copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate can be expressed in multiple ways:

Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate Copper II Sulfate Pentahydrate Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate Copper(ll) Sulfate Pentahydrate Copper Sulphate Copper(ll) Sulfate Pentahydrate

The term CuSO4.5H2O essentially refers to copper(II) sulfate with five water molecules of crystallization (anhydrous form being CuSO4). Here, Cu stands for copper, S for sulfur, O4 for sulfate, and 5 H2O represents the five water molecules of crystallization.

Additionally, this compound is also known as blue vitrol, a name derived from its appearance and historical uses.

Applications of Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate

Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate is used in a wide range of applications, including:

Agriculture: As a fungicide to combat root and leaf diseases in crops. Water Treatment: For water purification and disinfection processes. Industries: In dyeing, tanning, and electroplating processes. Biochemistry: As a reagent in biochemical assays and tests. Construction: As a wood preservative to prevent rot and insect infestation.

Conclusion

Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) is a versatile compound with a myriad of practical uses. Understanding its molecular characteristics, equivalent weight, and various applications is essential for its effective utilization in both academic and industrial settings.