Is Biological Anthropology Considered a Liberal Arts Degree?

When discussing whether biological anthropology is considered a liberal arts degree, we must first define what we mean by 'liberal arts.' The term can refer to the organizational structure of a college or university or it can broadly encompass a range of academic disciplines aimed at developing general knowledge and critical thinking skills.

What Constitutes the Liberal Arts?

From a broad perspective, biological anthropology is indeed a part of the liberal arts. The liberal arts are typically distinguished from professional schools that focus on specific training for a particular career. Instead, the liberal arts aim to provide a general education that can be applied to a variety of occupations and pursuits post-graduation.

Definition and Scope of Liberal Arts

In almost any definition, the sciences, including biological anthropology, are included in the liberal arts when studied in their pure or academic form. Departments such as Medicine, Geology, Engineering, Law, Business, Theater, and Fine Arts exist to provide professional training and would be considered outside the liberal arts framework. However, biological anthropology readily fits within the liberal arts, as it involves a broad range of scientific, social, and cultural studies.

Biological Anthropology in Academic Institutions

The placement of biological anthropology within an academic institution can vary. At the University of Texas, for instance, all subdisciplines of anthropology—biological, cultural, linguistic, and archaeology—were housed in the Anthropology Department, which was part of the College of Liberal Arts. This integration reflects the broader liberal arts approach.

Joint Departments and Graduate Programs

In some institutions, biological anthropology is not confined to a single department. For example, at Duke University, the Biological Anthropology and Anatomy Department had a joint affiliation with both the Biological Sciences Department and the Medical School. This structure blends the academic rigor of the liberal arts with the specialized training found in professional schools.

Conclusion

Biological anthropology is indeed a liberal arts degree when studied in its academic form, providing students with a broad understanding of human biology, evolution, and cultural diversity. Its placement within either the liberal arts or professional departments can vary depending on the institution, but the core academic focus remains aligned with the liberal arts.

Whether you are considering undergraduate or graduate studies, understanding the structure and focus of the institution can provide clarity on the educational path you should pursue.