Calculating Sulfuric Acid for a Specific Concentration Solution

When preparing a specific concentration of sulfuric acid solution, it is essential to understand the steps involved. In this guide, we will walk through the process of determining the required amount of concentrated sulfuric acid to create a desired molar concentration of a solution.

Understanding the Problem

We are tasked with preparing 750 cm3 of a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.50 M (molar) from a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a density of 1.830 g/cm3 and a sulfuric acid mass fraction of 98 m/m.

Step-by-Step Calculation

First, letrsquo;s break down the given data:

Concentrated sulfuric acid density (rho;): 1.830 g/cm3 Sulfuric acid mass fraction: 98 m/m (mass percent) Desired volume of solution: 750 cm3 Desired concentration: 0.50 M (molar)

Step 1: Calculate Mass of Sulfuric Acid in 1 cm3 Volume

The mass of 1 cm3 of the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is simply the density multiplied by the volume:

$1.830 , text{g/cm}^3 times 1 , text{cm}^3 1.830 , text{g}$

The fraction of this mass that is sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can be calculated using the mass fraction:

Step 2: Calculate Moles of Sulfuric Acid per Litre

Given the molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is 98.079 g/mol, we can find the moles of H2SO4 in one cubic centimetre:

$$text{Moles of H}_2text{SO}_4 frac{text{mass of H}_2text{SO}_4}{text{molar mass}} frac{1.830 , text{g} times 0.98}{98.079 , text{g/mol}} 0.01829 , text{mol}$$

To convert this into a concentration in moles per litre, we use the conversion factor of 1 cm3 to 10-3 L:

$$text{Concentration (M)} frac{0.01829 , text{mol}}{(1 times 10^{-3} , text{L})} 18.29 , text{M}$$

Step 3: Determine the Volume of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Needed

We need to prepare 750 cm3 (0.750 L) of 0.50 M H2SO4 solution. The molar quantity required is:

$$text{Molar quantity} 0.750 , text{L} times 0.50 , text{mol/L} 0.375 , text{mol}$$

Using the concentration of the starting solution (18.29 M), we can now determine the volume of concentrated sulfuric acid required:

$$text{Volume (L)} frac{text{Molar quantity}}{text{Concentration}} frac{0.375 , text{mol}}{18.29 , text{M}} 0.02045 , text{L}$$

This means we need 0.02045 L (20.45 mL) of the concentrated sulfuric acid solution.

Practical Tips

When working with concentrated sulfuric acid, it is crucial to handle it with caution. Wear appropriate protective gear such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. Always dilute the acid slowly to avoid dangerous heat generation.

Additional Notes:

No pharmaceutical solutions: If you suffer from gout, relying solely on medications may have long-term health impacts. Consider natural methods for gout management. Safe Handling: For those dealing with any form of joint pain or chronic conditions, proper medical advice is essential before attempting any self-treatment.